Houcheng, 59, wuxuu u baahan yahay fursad uu ku caddeeyo kartida Hema Liu Qiangdong, Zhang Yong, iyo Jack Ma.
Dhawaan, dib u dhigista lama filaanka ah ee Hema ee Hong Kong IPO waxay ku dartay qabow kale suuqa tafaariiqda gudaha.Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, suuqa supermarket-ka khadka tooska ah ee Shiinaha waxa uu ku jiray daruuro, wararka sheegaya in aan dib loo cusboonaysiin, xidhitaanka dukaamada, iyo khasaaraha soo gaadhay warbaahinta, taas oo keentay in la arko in macaamiisha guduhu aanay haysan lacag ay ku qaataan.Qaar baa xitaa ku kaftama in mulkiilayaasha dukaamada waaweyn ee weli albaabada u furay ay sidaas u sameynayaan jacayl dartiis.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dukaamada silsiladaha bulshadu waxay ogaadeen in ganacsiyada dukaamada waaweyn ee ajnabiga ah sida ALDI, Sam's Club, iyo Costco ay wali si adag u furayaan dukaamo cusub.Tusaale ahaan, ALDI waxay ka furtay in ka badan 50 dukaan oo ku yaal Shanghai oo keliya afar sano gudahood tan iyo markii ay soo gashay Shiinaha.Sidoo kale, Sam's Club waxa ay dardargelinaysaa qorshaheeda ah in ay furto 6-7 dukaan oo cusub sannadkii, iyaga oo galaya magaalooyinka sida Kunshan, Dongguan, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Jinan, Wenzhou, iyo Jinjiang.
Balaadhinta firfircoon ee dukaamada ajnabiga ah ee suuqyada kala duwan ee Shiinaha ayaa si weyn uga soo horjeeda xidhitaanka joogtada ah ee dukaamada waaweyn ee maxalliga ah.Shirkadaha dukaamada waaweyn ee maxalliga ah sida BBK, Yonghui, Lianhua, Wumart, CR Vanguard, RT-Mart, Jiajia Yue, Renrenle, Zhongbai, iyo Hongqi Chain waxay si degdeg ah ugu baahan yihiin inay helaan nooc cusub oo ay ku daydaan oo ay sii wataan koritaankooda.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, raadinta caalamka, moodooyinka cusub ee ku habboon deegaanka isticmaalka Shiinaha ayaa ah mid aad u yar, iyada oo Hema ay tahay mid ka mid ah kuwa yar ee ka reeban.
Si ka duwan Walmart, Carrefour, Sam's Club, Costco, ama ALDI, Hema's "labadaba dukaanka iyo geynta guriga" waxaa laga yaabaa inuu aad ugu habboon yahay dukaamada maxalliga ah si ay ugu daydaan oo ay halabuuraan.Ka dib oo dhan, Walmart, oo si qoto dheer ugu xididaysan suuqa khadka tooska ah ee Shiinaha in ka badan 20, iyo ALDI, oo hadda soo gashay suuqa Shiinaha, labaduba waxay tixgeliyaan "guriga geynta" inay tahay diiradda istiraatiijiyadeed ee mustaqbalka.
01 Maxaa Hema loogu qiimeeyay $10 Billion?
Laga soo bilaabo dejinta jadwalka liiska bisha Maajo ilaa dib u dhigisteeda lama filaanka ah ee Sebtembar, Hema waxay sii waday inay si adag u furto dukaamada oo ay dardargeliso horumarinta nidaamka silsiladeeda alaabta.Liistada Hema ayaa ah mid si weyn loo sugayo, laakiin sida laga soo xigtay ilo kala duwan, dib u dhigista waxa laga yaabaa inay sabab u tahay qiimaynteeda oo hoos u dhacday wixii laga filayey.Wadahadalladii ugu horreeyay ee Alibaba iyo maalgashadayaasha suurtagalka ah ayaa lagu qiyaasay qiimaha Hema ku dhawaad $4 bilyan, halka bartilmaameedka IPO ee Alibaba ee Hema uu ahaa $10 bilyan.
Qiimaha dhabta ah ee Hema ma aha diiradda halkan, laakiin qaabkeeda geynta gurigu waa u qalantaa qof walba inuu fiiro gaar ah u yeesho.Dukaamada silsiladaha bulshadu waxay aaminsan yihiin in Hema ay hadda u egtahay isku darka Meituan, Dada, iyo Sam's Club.Si kale haddii loo dhigo, hantida ugu qaalisan ee Hema maaha 337 bakhaar ee jireed ee waa nidaamka wax soo saarka iyo qaabka xogta ee ka dambeeya hawlaheeda geynta guriga.
Alaabooyinka Hore-Dhammaadka
Hema ma leh oo kaliya barnaamijkeeda madax banaan laakiin sidoo kale dukaamada calanka rasmiga ah ee Taobao, Tmall, Alipay, iyo Ele.me, dhammaan qayb ka mid ah nidaamka deegaanka Alibaba.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay taageero goob ka haysata abka sida Xiaohongshu iyo Amap, oo daboolaya xaalado badan oo macaamiisha ah oo soo noqnoqda.
Waad ku mahadsan tahay joogitaankeeda daraasiin barnaamijyo kala duwan ah, Hema waxay ku raaxaysataa taraafikada aan la barbar dhigi karin iyo faa'iidooyinka xogta ee ka sarreeya tartamayaasha dukaamada waaweyn, oo ay ku jiraan Walmart, Metro, iyo Costco.Tusaale ahaan, Taobao iyo Alipay mid kastaa wuxuu leeyahay in ka badan 800 milyan isticmaalayaasha firfircoon bishiiba (MAU), halka Ele.me uu leeyahay in ka badan 70 milyan.
Laga bilaabo Maarso 2022, abka Hema ayaa lahaa in ka badan 27 milyan MAU.Marka la barbar dhigo Sam's Club, Costco, iyo Yonghui, kuwaas oo wali u baahan inay u beddelaan booqdayaasha dukaanka isticmaalayaasha app, barkada taraafig ee Hema ee jirta ayaa durba ku filan inay taageerto furitaanka in ka badan 300 dukaamo dheeraad ah.
Hema kaliya kuma badna taraafikada laakiin sidoo kale qani ku ah xogta.Waxa ay heli kartaa xaddi badan oo xogta doorbidida badeecada iyo xogta isticmaalka ee Taobao iyo Ele.me, iyo sidoo kale xogta dib u eegista badeecada balaadhan ee Xiaohongshu iyo Weibo, iyo xog lacag bixin oo dhamaystiran oo ka timid Alipay oo daboolaysa xaalado offline kala duwan.
Iyada oo ku hubaysan xogtan, Hema waxay si cad u fahmi kartaa awoodda isticmaalka bulsho kasta.Faa'iidada xogtan waxay siinaysaa Hema kalsooni ay ku kireysato hormada dukaamanka ee degmooyinka ganacsiga ee qaan-gaadhka ah iyadoo kiro dhowr jeer ah ka badan tahay qiimaha suuqa.
Marka lagu daro taraafikada iyo faa'iidooyinka xogta, Hema sidoo kale waxay ku faantaa ku dhegganaanta isticmaale sare.Hadda, Hema waxay leedahay in ka badan 60 milyan isticmaaleyaal diiwaangashan, iyo 27 milyan oo MAU ah, ku dheggan isticmaaleheeda ayaa ka sarreeya meelaha caanka ah sida Xiaohongshu iyo Bilibili.
Haddii taraafikada iyo xogta ay yihiin aasaaska Hema, tignoolajiyada ka dambeeya moodooyinkan ayaa xitaa aad u xusid mudan.2019, Hema waxay si cad u soo bandhigtay nidaamkeeda tafaariiqda ReX, kaas oo loo arki karo inay tahay laf dhabarta isku dhafan ee qaabka Hema, daboolaya hawlaha dukaanka, nidaamyada xubinimada, saadka, iyo ilaha saadka.
Khibrada macmiilka ee Hema, oo ay ku jiraan tayada badeecada, wakhtiga keenista, iyo adeega iibka kadib, ayaa inta badan la amaanaa, qayb ahaan waxa mahad leh nidaamka ReX.Marka loo eego cilmi baaris ay sameeyeen shirkadaha dallaalka, dukaamada waaweyn ee Hema waxay xamili karaan in ka badan 10,000 dalab maalin kasta inta lagu jiro xayeysiisyada waaweyn, iyadoo saacadaha ugu sarreeya ay ka badan yihiin 2,500 dalab saacaddii.Si loo buuxiyo heerka gaarsiinta ee 30-60 daqiiqo, dukaamada Hema waa in ay ku dhameeyaan qaadista iyo baakaynta 10-15 daqiiqo gudahood oo ay ku keenaan 15-30 daqiiqo gudahood.
Si loo ilaaliyo waxtarkan, xisaabinta alaabada wakhtiga-dhabta ah, nidaamyada buuxinta, qaabaynta dariiqa magaalada oo dhan, iyo isku xidhka dukaanka iyo saadka dhinac saddexaad waxay u baahan yihiin qaabayn balaadhan iyo algorithms adag, oo la mid ah kuwa laga helo Meituan, Dada, iyo Dmall.
Dukaamada silsiladaha bulshadu waxay aaminsan yihiin in iibinta tafaariiqda guriga, ka sokow taraafikada, xogta, iyo algorithms, awoodda xulashada baayacmushtarka waa muhiim.Dukaamada kala duwani waxay u adeegaan xogta macaamiisha kala duwan, iyo baahida macaamiisha ee xilliyada qaarkood way ku kala duwan yihiin gobol ahaan.Sidaa darteed, haddii silsiladda sahayda baayacmushtarku ay taageeri karto xulashada wax soo saarka firfircoon waa marinka furaha ee dukaamada waaweyn ee hiigsanaya inay heer sare ka gaaraan gaarsiinta guriga.
Xulashada iyo Silsiladda sahayda
Sam's Club iyo Costco ayaa sanado badan ku qaatay inay sare u qaadaan awoodooda doorashada, Hema waxay is nadiifinaysay todoba sano.Hema waxay raacdaa nidaamka iibsadaha oo la mid ah Sam's Club iyo Costco, iyada oo rabta inay raad raacdo silsiladda saadka ilaa asalkeedii, laga bilaabo alaabta ceeriin ilaa habka wax soo saarka, iyada oo abuuraysa sheekooyin wax soo saar gaar ah oo loogu talagalay kala soocidda summada.
Hema ayaa marka hore aqoonsata aagagga wax-soo-saarka asaasiga ah ee badeecad kasta, waxay isbarbardhigtaa alaab-qeybiyeyaasha, waxayna doorataa alaabta ceeriin ee tayada ugu sareysa iyo warshad OEM ah oo ku habboon.Hema waxay siisa warshadda habab caadi ah, naqshadaynta baakadaha, iyo liisaska ka kooban, hubinta in alaabadu ay buuxiyaan heerarka cayiman.Wax soo saarka ka dib, alaabooyinka waxa lagu maraa tijaabo gudaha ah, iibka tijaabada ah, iyo jawaab celinta ka hor inta aan loo qaybin bakhaarada dalka oo dhan.
Markii hore, Hema waxay ku dhibtoonaysay soo saarista tooska ah, laakiin ugu dambeyntii waxay heshay laxankeeda iyada oo si toos ah qandaraas ugu qaadatay saldhigyo beerto, iyada oo la aasaasay 185 "Tuulooyin Hema" meelo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan Danba Bako Village ee Sichuan, Tuulada Xiachabu ee Hubei, Tuulada Dalinzhai ee Hebei, iyo Tuulada Gashora ee Rwanda , oo bixiya 699 alaab.
Marka la barbar dhigo Sam's Club iyo Costco faa'iidooyinka wax iibsiga ee caalamiga ah, hindisaha Hema's " Village Hema" wuxuu abuuraa silsilado sahayda maxalliga ah oo xooggan, taasoo bixisa faa'iidooyin qiimo weyn leh iyo kala duwanaansho.
Farsamada iyo Hufnaanta
Nidaamka tafaariiqda ee Hema's ReX wuxuu mideeyaa habab kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan hawlaha dukaanka, xubinnimada, saadka, iyo agabka silsiladda saadka, taasoo kor u qaadaysa waxtarka guud.Tusaale ahaan, inta lagu jiro xayaysiisyada waaweyn, dukaamada waaweyn ee Hema waxay xamili karaan in ka badan 10,000 dalab maalinle ah, oo leh saacadaha ugu badan ee ka badan 2,500 dalab saacaddii.La kulanka heerka 30-60 daqiiqo ee gaarsiinta waxay u baahan tahay maareynta agabka-waqtiga-dhabta ah, nidaamyada buuxinta, marinka magaalada oo dhan, iyo isuduwidda saadka qolo saddexaad, oo ay taageerayaan algorithms-kakan.
Qiyaasta Geynta Guriga
138 bakhaar ee Hema waxa ay u shaqeeyaan sidii unugyo bakhaar isku dhafan, kuwaas oo bixiya 6,000-8,000 SKUs dukaankiiba, oo leh 1,000 SKU-yada iskood isu summeeyay, oo ka kooban 20% wadarta guud.Macaamiisha ku jira raadis 3-km ah waxay ku raaxaysan karaan gaarsiinta bilaashka ah ee 30-daqiiqo.Dukaamada qaan-gaadhka ah, shaqeeya in ka badan 1.5 sano, celcelis ahaan 1,200 dalabyo online ah maalin kasta, iyada oo iibka onlaynka ah uu wax ka tarayo 60% wadarta dakhliga.Celceliska qiimaha dalabku wuxuu ku dhow yahay 100 RMB, dakhliga maalinlaha ahi ka badan yahay 800,000 RMB, isagoo gaadhay waxtarka iibka saddex jeer ka dukaamada caadiga ah.
02 Maxay Hema u tahay Tartamayaasha Kaliya ee Indhaha Walmart?
Madaxwaynaha Walmart ee Shiinaha iyo maamulaha guud, Zhu Xiaojing, ayaa gudaha ku sheegay in Hema uu yahay tartanka kaliya ee Sam's Club ee Shiinaha.Marka la eego furista dukaamada jireed, Hema runtii waxay ka danbeysaa Sam's Club, kaas oo shaqeynayay in ka badan 40 sano oo leh in ka badan 800 bakhaar oo adduunka oo dhan ah, oo ay ku jiraan in ka badan 40 gudaha Shiinaha.Hema, oo leh 337 bakhaar, oo ay ku jiraan 9 ka mid ah dukaamada xubnaha Hema X, ayaa u muuqda kuwo yar marka la barbardhigo.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhalmada guriga, farqiga u dhexeeya Sam's Club iyo Hema maaha mid sidaas u weyn.Sam's Club waxay ku hawlanayd keenista guriga 2010, afar sano ka dib markay soo gashay Shiinaha, laakiin caadooyinka macaamiisha oo aan qaan-gaarin awgeed, adeegga ayaa si aamusan loo joojiyay dhowr bilood ka dib.Tan iyo markaas, Sam's Club waxay si joogto ah u horumarisay qaabkeeda geynta guriga.
2017, ka faa'iidaysiga shabakadeeda bakhaar iyo bakhaarrada hore (bakhaarrada daruuriga ah), Sam's Club wuxuu bilaabay "Adeegga Bixinta Express" ee Shenzhen, Beijing, iyo Shanghai, isagoo dardargelinaya kobaca gaarsiinta guriga.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Sam's Club wuxuu ka shaqeeyaa shabakad bakhaarro daruuro ah, mid walbana wuxuu taageerayaa gaarsiinta degdegga ah ee magaaladiisa, iyada oo lagu qiyaasay 500 bakhaarro daruur ah oo waddanka oo dhan ah, taasoo gaareysa heerar kala dambeyn iyo hufnaan.
Qaabka ganacsiga ee Sam's Club, oo isku dara bakhaarro waaweyn oo leh bakhaarro daruuri ah, waxay hubisaa keenista degdega ah iyo isdhexgalka, taasoo horseedaysa natiijooyin cajiib ah: in ka badan 1,000 dalabyo maalinle ah bakhaarkii, oo bakhaarrada Shanghai ay celcelis ahaan ka badan yihiin 3,000 dalabyo maalinle ah iyo celceliska dalabka ee ka sarreeya 200 RMB.Waxqabadkani wuxuu ka dhigayaa Sam's Club inuu yahay hogaamiyaha warshadaha.
03 Ka cago jiidka Yonghui inuu ka iibiyo JD
In kasta oo Yonghui uusan soo jiidan dareenka maamulayaasha Walmart, dadaalkeeda firfircoon ee gaarsiinta guriga ayaa ka sarreeya asxaabteeda, taasoo ka dhigaysa tusaale xusid mudan.
Isagoo ka wakiil ah waayihii hore ee dukaamada dhaqameed ee Shiinaha, Yonghui waa tusaale sare oo ah ganacsi dukaan maxalli ah oo horumaray inkasta oo ay tartan kala kulmeen shirkado ajnabi ah.Si la mid ah supermarket-yada ajnabiga ah, Yonghui wuxuu si firfircoon u aqbalay aaladaha khadka tooska ah iyo gaarsiinta guriga, isagoo noqday hogaamiyaha shirkadaha waaweyn ee maxalliga ah.
In kasta oo ay jiraan caqabado badan iyo tijaabin iyo khalad joogto ah, Yonghui waxa uu noqday hogaamiyaha dukaamada dhaqameed ee gudaha ee geynta guriga, oo leh in ka badan 940 bakhaarro e-ganacsi ah iyo dakhliga soo xaraynta guryaha ee sanadlaha ah oo ka badan 10 bilyan RMB.
Bakhaarada E-ganacsiga iyo Dakhliga
Laga bilaabo Agoosto 2023, Yonghui waxay shaqeysaa 940 bakhaarro e-ganacsi ah, oo ay ku jiraan 135 bakhaar oo buuxa (oo daboolaya 15 magaalo), 131 bakhaarro kala badh ah (oo daboolaya 33 magaalo), 652 bakhaarro isku dhafan (oo daboolaya magaalooyinka 181), iyo 22 bakhaarrada dayax-gacmeedka ( daboolaya Chongqing, Fuzhou, iyo Beijing).iyaga ka mid ah, in ka badan 100 waa bakhaarro waaweyn oo hore oo 800-1000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran.
Qeybtii hore ee 2023, Yonghui dakhligiisa ganacsi ee khadka wuxuu gaaray 7.92 bilyan RMB, taasoo ka dhigan 18.7% dakhligiisa guud, iyadoo lagu qiyaasay dakhliga sanadlaha ah inuu dhaafo 16 bilyan RMB.Ganacsiga gaarsiinta guriga ee iskii u shaqeysta ee Yonghui wuxuu daboolayaa 946 bakhaar, isagoo soo saaraya 4.06 bilyan RMB iibka, iyadoo celcelis ahaan 295,000 dalabyo maalinle ah iyo heerka dib u soo iibsiga bishiiba ah 48.9%.Goobteeda saddexaad ee ganacsiga geynta guriga waxay dabooshaa 922 bakhaar, taasoo soo saarta 3.86 bilyan RMB iibka, koror 10.9% sannadkiiba, iyadoo celcelis ahaan 197,000 dalab maalinle ah.
Inkasta oo ay guulaysteen, Yonghui waxa ka maqan xogta macaamiisha ee weyn ee nidaamka deegaanka ee Alibaba ama silsiladda sahayda tooska ah ee Walmart ee caalamiga ah, taasoo horseedaysa dib u dhacyo badan.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay awood u yeelatay iskaashiga JD Daojia iyo Meituan si loo gaaro in ka badan 10 bilyan RMB iibka marka la gaaro 2020.
Safarka Yonghui ee keenista guriga waxa uu bilaabmay Maajo 2013 iyada oo la bilaabay kanaalka wax iibsiga ee "Half the Sky" ee boggeeda internetka, oo markii hore ku kooban Fuzhou oo bixisa baakado cunto oo isku jira.Isku daygan hore wuu guuldarraystay sababtoo ah waayo-aragnimada isticmaale oo liidata iyo ikhtiyaarrada gaarsiinta oo xaddidan.
Bishii Janaayo 2014, Yonghui wuxuu bilaabay "Yonghui Weidian App" ee dalabka online-ka ah iyo soo qaadashada offline, markii hore laga heli karo siddeed dukaan oo Fuzhou ah.2015, Yonghui wuxuu bilaabay "Yonghui Life App," oo bixisa noocyo kala duwan oo badeecado cusub oo cusub oo degdeg ah oo dhaq-dhaqaaqa macaamiisha ah oo leh adeegyo gaarsiin degdeg ah, oo ay buuxisay JD Daojia.
2018, Yonghui waxay ka heshay maalgelinta JD iyo Tencent, samaynta iskaashi qoto dheer xagga taraafikada, suuq-geynta, lacag bixinta, iyo saadka.Bishii Maajo 2018, Yonghui waxay furtay "bakhaar dayax-gacmeedka" ee ugu horreeyay Fuzhou, oo bixisa 30-daqiiqo gudahood dhexroor 3-km ah.
Sannadka 2018, dib-u-habaynta gudaha ee Yonghui waxay u kala qaybisay ganacsigeeda khadka tooska ah ee Yonghui Cloud Creation, iyada oo diiradda saareysa qaabab cusub, iyo Yonghui Supermarket, oo diiradda saaraya qaabab dhaqameed.In kasta oo dib u dhacyo bilow ah, iibka internetka ee Yonghui uu si weyn u kordhay, isagoo gaadhay 7.3 bilyan RMB 2017, 16.8 bilyan RMB 2018, iyo 35.1 bilyan RMB sanadka 2019.
Sannadkii 2020, iibka khadka tooska ah ee Yonghui wuxuu gaadhay 10.45 bilyan RMB, koror ah 198% sannad kasta, taasoo ka dhigan 10% dakhligiisa guud.Sannadkii 2021, iibka onlaynku wuxuu gaadhay 13.13 bilyan RMB, koror 25.6% ah, taasoo ka dhigan 14.42% wadarta dakhliga.Sannadkii 2022, iibka khadka tooska ah wuxuu gaadhay 15.936 bilyan RMB, oo ah 21.37% korodh, iyada oo celcelis ahaan 518,000 dalab maalinle ah.
In kasta oo guulahaas la gaaray, Yonghui waxa uu la kulmay khasaarooyin la taaban karo iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay maalgelinta sare ee bakhaarrada hore iyo saameynta masiibada, taasoo keentay khasaaraha 3.944 bilyan RMB 2021 iyo 2.763 bilyan RMB 2022.
Gabagabo
In kasta oo Yonghui ay la kulanto caqabado ka badan kan Hema iyo Sam's Club, dadaalkeeda ku aaddan gaarsiinta guriga ayaa xaqiijistay cag suuqa.Sida tafaariiqda degdega ah ay u sii kordheyso, Yonghui waxay leedahay karti ay uga faa'iidaysato isbeddelkan.Maamulaha cusub Li Songfeng ayaa horay u gaaray KPI-kiisii ugu horreeyay, isaga oo u rogay khasaarihii Yonghui 2023 H1 faa'iido.
Sida maamulaha Hema Hou Yi, madaxii hore ee JD Li Songfeng wuxuu higsanayaa inuu Yonghui ku hogaamiyo suuqa tafaariiqda degdega ah, taasoo suurta gal ah in ay dhaliso sheeko cusub oo warshadaha ah.Hou Yi wuxuu caddayn karaa go'aankiisa ku aaddan isbeddellada tafaariiqda Shiinaha, Li Songfeng wuxuu muujin karaa awoodda ganacsiyada suuqyada waaweyn ee maxalliga ah xilligii faafitaanka ka dib.
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-04-2024